Benzoic acid igobvu chena kana makristasi asina ruvara akaita tsono ane formula C6H5COOH. Iine kakunhuhwirira uye kanonakidza. Nekuda kwekuita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, benzoic acid inowana kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana, kusanganisira kuchengetedza chikafu, mishonga yemishonga, uye zvizorwa.

Benzoic acid uye esters ayo anowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa nemhuka. Sezvineiwo, ma berries akawanda ane akakosha kutariswa, angangoita 0.05%. Michero yakaibva yemarudzi akati wandei eVaccinium, akadai secranberry (V. vitis-idaea) nebilberry (V. myrtillus), inogona kuve nemahara benzoic acid mazinga anotangira pa0.03% kusvika 0.13%. Pamusoro pezvo, maapuro anoburitsa benzoic acid kana abatwa nefungus Nectria galligena. Mushonga uyu wakaonekwawo munhengo dzemukati uye tsandanyama dzedombo ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), pamwe chete nemukati meganda remuskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) uye nzou dzekuAsia (Elephas maximus). Uyezve, gum benzoin inogona kuva ne20% benzoic acid uye 40% yemaester ayo.

Benzoic acid, inotorwa kubva kumafuta ecassia, yakanakira zvizoro izvo zvakadyarwa zvachose.

Kushandiswa kweBenzoic Acid

1. Kugadzirwa kwe phenol kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwe benzoic acid. Zvakaonekwa kuti phenol inogona kutorwa kubva mubenzoic acid kuburikidza nekurapa kwakanyungudutswa benzoic acid negasi rinoita oxidizing, mhepo, pamwe chete nehutsi patembiricha inotangira pa200°C kusvika 250°C.

2. Benzoic acid inoshanda semutangiri we benzoyl chloride, iyo inoita basa rinokosha mukugadzirwa kwemarudzi akawanda emakemikari, madhayi, zvinonhuwira, mishonga yesora, nemishonga. Pamusoro pazvo, benzoic acid inoitwa metabolism kuti igadzire benzoate esters, benzoate amides, thioesters of benzoates, uye benzoic anhydride. Icho chinhu chakakosha chechimiro mune akawanda akakosha makomisheni anowanikwa mune zvakasikwa uye yakakosha muorganic kemikari.

3. Imwe yekushandiswa kukuru kwebenzoic acid ndeyekuchengetedza mukati mechikamu chekudya. Inowanzo shandiswa muzvinwiwa, zvigadzirwa zvemichero, uye sosi, uko inoita basa rakakosha mukudzivirira kukura kweforoma, mbiriso, uye mamwe mabhakitiriya.

4. Munzvimbo yemishonga, benzoic acid inowanzobatanidzwa ne salicylic acid kugadzirisa fungal skin conditions semutambi wetsoka, ringworm, uye jock itch. Uyezve, inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepamusoro nekuda kwemaitiro ayo keratolytic, ayo anobatsira mukubviswa kwewarts, corns, uye calluses. Kana ichishandiswa semishonga, benzoic acid inowanzoiswa pamusoro. Inowanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mafuta, mafuta, uye poda. Kuwanda kwebenzoic acid muzvigadzirwa izvi kunowanzobva pa5% kusvika ku10%, kazhinji kunopetwa nesalicylic acid yakafanana. Kurapa kunobudirira kwezvipembenene zveganda, zvakakosha kuchenesa uye kuomesa nzvimbo yakakanganiswa zvakakwana usati washandisa chidimbu chemishonga. Iko kunyorera kunowanzo kukurudzirwa kaviri kana katatu pazuva, uye kutevedzera kutungamira kwenyanzvi yehutano kwakakosha kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka.

Benzoic acid inowanzoonekwa seyakachengeteka kana yakashandiswa nemazvo; zvisinei, zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro kune vamwe vanhu. Mamiriro anowanzo taurwa anosanganisira maitiro eganda emuno akadai sekutsvuka, kukwenya, uye kushatirwa. Zviratidzo izvi kazhinji zvakapfava uye ndezvenguva pfupi, kunyangwe zvingave zvisina kugadzikana kune vamwe. Kana kushatirwa kukaramba kuchienderera kana kuwedzera, zvinokurudzirwa kurega kushandisa chigadzirwa uye kutsvaga nhungamiro kubva kune nyanzvi yezvehutano.

Avo vane hypersensitivity inozivikanwa kune benzoic acid kana chero ipi zvayo yezvigadzirwa vanofanira kurega kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvine musanganiswa uyu. Pamusoro pezvo, inopikiswa kuti ishandiswe pamaronda akavhurika kana ganda rakatyoka, sezvo kutorwa kweasidhi kuburikidza neganda rakakanganiswa kunogona kukonzera systemic toxicity. Zviratidzo zve systemic toxicity zvinogona kusanganisira kusvotwa, kurutsa, kusagadzikana mudumbu, uye dzungu, izvo zvinoda kupindira kwekurapa nekukurumidza.

Vakadzi vakazvitakura nevanoyamwisa vanokurudzirwa kubvunza varapi vavo vehutano vasati vashandisa zvigadzirwa zvine benzoic acid kuti vachengetedze kuchengetedzwa kwavo nevacheche vavo. Kunyange zvazvo uchapupu hune chokuita nemigumisiro yebenzoic acid panguva yekuzvitakura uye yekuyamwisa hushoma, nguva dzose kuchenjera kukoshesa kuchenjerera.

Muchidimbu, benzoic asidhi chinhu chakakosha chine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa. Kuitika kwayo kwechisikigo, kuchengetedza zvimiro, uye kugona kwakasiyana kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Zvakadaro, zvakakosha kushandisa benzoic acid zvisina njodzi uye zvine hungwaru, uchitevera nhungamiro inokurudzirwa uye kubvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano kana zvichidikanwa.