Benzoic acid ikristaro chena chakaita sesimbi kana kuti chisina ruvara chine fomura yeC6H5COOH. Ine hwema hushoma uye hunofadza. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hunoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana, benzoic acid inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira kuchengetedza chikafu, mishonga, uye zvizoro.

Benzoic acid nemaesters ayo zviripo mumhando dzakasiyana dzemiti nemhuka. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti michero yakawanda ine huwandu hwakakura, hunosvika 0.05%. Michero yakaibva yemhando dzakasiyana dzeVaccinium, dzakadai secranberry (V. vitis-idaea) uye bilberry (V. myrtillus), inogona kuva nemazinga ebenzoic acid kubva pa0.03% kusvika 0.13%. Pamusoro pezvo, maapuro anogadzira benzoic acid kana abatwa nefungus Nectria galligena. Musanganiswa uyu wakaonekwawo munhengo dzemukati netsandanyama dzedombo ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), pamwe chete nemuma glandular secretions ehurume muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) neAsian bull elephants (Elephas maximus). Uyezve, gum benzoin inogona kuva ne20% benzoic acid uye 40% yemaesters ayo.

Benzoic acid, inobva mumafuta ecassia, yakakodzera zvizoro zvakagadzirwa nemiti chete.

Kushandiswa kweBenzoic Acid

1. Kugadzirwa kwephenol kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwebenzoic acid. Zvakaonekwa kuti phenol inogona kuwanikwa kubva kubenzoic acid kuburikidza nekurapa benzoic acid yakanyungudutswa negasi rinoita oxidizing, zvakanaka mweya, pamwe chete neutsi patembiricha iri pakati pe200°C kusvika 250°C.

2. Benzoic acid inoshanda senzira yekutanga benzoyl chloride, iyo inoita basa guru mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari akasiyana-siyana, madhayi, zvinonhuhwirira, mishonga yesora, uye mishonga. Pamusoro pezvo, benzoic acid inopinda mumetabolism kuti igadzire benzoate esters, benzoate amides, thioesters yebenzoates, uye benzoic anhydride. Chinhu chakakosha muchimiro chezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha zvinowanikwa muzvisikwa uye chakakosha mumakemikari eorganic.

3. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinoshandiswa ne benzoic acid ndechekuchengetedza chikafu. Inowanzoshandiswa muzvinwiwa, zvigadzirwa zvemichero, uye muto, uko inoita basa guru mukudzivirira kukura kwefungus, mbiriso, uye mamwe mabhakitiriya.

4. Mukurapa kwemishonga, benzoic acid inowanzo sanganiswa nesalicylic acid kugadzirisa zvirwere zveganda zvakaita se athletic foot, ringworm, uye jock itch. Pamusoro pezvo, inoshandiswa mumishonga yemudumbu nekuda kwemhedzisiro yayo yekeratolytic, iyo inobatsira mukubvisa maronda, corns, uye calluses. Kana ikashandiswa semushonga, benzoic acid inowanzo shandiswa paganda. Inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira makirimu, mafuta ekuzora, uye hupfu. Kuwanda kwebenzoic acid muzvigadzirwa izvi kunowanzo bva pa5% kusvika 10%, kazhinji pamwe chete nehuwandu hwakafanana hwesalicylic acid. Kuti unyatso rapa hutachiona hweganda hwefungus, zvakakosha kuchenesa nekuomesa nzvimbo yakakanganiswa zvakanaka usati waisa mushonga mutete. Kushandiswa kunowanzo kurudzirwa kaviri kusvika katatu pazuva, uye kutevedzera gwara renyanzvi yehutano kwakakosha kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka.

Benzoic acid inowanzoonekwa seyakachengeteka kana ikashandiswa nemazvo; zvisinei, inogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa kune vamwe vanhu. Migumisiro yakaipa inowanzotaurwa inosanganisira kushanduka kweganda munzvimbo dzakadai sekutsvuka, kuvaviwa, uye kutsamwa. Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzova zvishoma uye zvenguva pfupi, kunyange zvazvo zvichigona kusafadza kune vamwe. Kana kutsamwa kukaramba kuripo kana kukawedzera, zvinokurudzirwa kurega kushandisa chigadzirwa ichi uye kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune nyanzvi yehutano.

Avo vanozivikanwa kuti havadi benzoic acid kana chimwe chezvinhu zviri mairi vanofanira kurega kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvine mushonga uyu. Pamusoro pezvo, hazvibvumirwi kushandiswa pamaronda akavhurika kana ganda rakatyoka, sezvo kupinza kweasidhi iyi kuburikidza neganda rakakanganisika kunogona kukonzera kukuvadza muviri. Zviratidzo zvekuora muviri zvinogona kusanganisira kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kusagadzikana mudumbu, uye dzungu, zvichiita kuti chiremba akurumidze kubvunza.

Vakadzi vane pamuviri nevanoyamwisa vanokurudzirwa kubvunza vanachiremba vavo vasati vashandisa zvigadzirwa zvine benzoic acid kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti vakachengeteka ivo nevana vavo. Kunyange hazvo humbowo hune chekuita nemigumisiro yebenzoic acid panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa hushoma, kuchenjera nguva dzose kungwarira zvakanyanya.

Muchidimbu, benzoic acid chinhu chakakosha chine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana. Kuwanikwa kwayo kwechisikigo, hunhu hwayo hwekuchengetedza, uye kushanduka-shanduka kunoita kuti ive chinhu chinokosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kushandisa benzoic acid zvakachengeteka uye zvine hungwaru, uchitevera gwara rinokurudzirwa uye uchibvunza nyanzvi yehutano kana zvichidikanwa.