Sei chiyero checistrans chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha kuongorora paChitupa Chekuongorora Milk Lactone?

Izvi zvinopinda muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemakemikari zvinotsanangura hunhu uye hunhu hweMilk Lactone.

Heino kupatsanurwa kwakadzama:

1. Kemikari: Nei Isomerism Ichikosha muLactones

Kune ma lactone akaita se δ-Decalactone, zita rekuti "cis" ne "trans" harirevi kubatana kaviri (sezvazvinoita mumamorekuru akaita semafuta acids) asi rinoreva stereochemistry iri pakati pechiral centers mbiri dziri paringi. Chimiro cheringi chinoita kuti pave nemamiriro ezvinhu apo maatomu ehydrogen nealkyl chain zvichienzaniswa neringi zvakasiyana.

· cis-Isomer: Maatomu ehydrogen ari pamaatomu ekabhoni akakodzera ari kudivi rimwe chete redenderedzwa reringi. Izvi zvinogadzira chimiro chakati, chakaganhurirwa.

· trans-Isomer: Maatomu ehydrogen ari kumativi akasiyana edenderedzwa. Izvi zvinogadzira chimiro chemorekuru chakasiyana, kazhinji chisina kusimba zvakanyanya.

Misiyano iyi midiki muchimiro inotungamira mumisiyano yakakura mukushanda kunoita molekyuru iyi nezvinogamuchidza munhuwi, uye nokudaro, kunhuhwirira kwayo.

2. Kuenzana kweZvisikwa vs. KugadzirwaMukaka weLaktoni

Chitubu Chinowanzoitwa Isomer Proportion Chinowanzoitwa Isomer Proportion Chikonzero Chikuru

Zvechisikigo (kubva kuDairy) > 99.5% (Zvinoshanda 100%) < 0.5% (Zvichitevera kana zvisipo) Nzira yekugadzira enzyme mumombe ndeye stereospecific, ichiburitsa chete (R)-form inotungamira ku cis-lactone.

Kugadzirwa kwemakemikari ~70% – 95% ~ 5% – 30% Nzira zhinji dzekugadzira makemikari (semuenzaniso, kubva kumakemikari epetrochemicals kana ricinoleic acid) hadzina kunyatsoenderana, zvichikonzera musanganiswa wemaisomers (racemate). Chiyero chaicho chinoenderana nemaitiro chaiwo uye matanho ekuchenesa.

3. Kukanganisa Kunzwa: Nei cis Isomer Yakakosha

Iyi isomer proportion haisi kungoda kuziva kemikari chete; ine simba rakananga uye rine simba pahunhu hwepfungwa:

· cis-δ-Decalactone: Iyi isomeri ine hwema hunokosheswa zvikuru, hwakanyanya, hwakakora, hwakaita sepichi, uye hwakaita semukaka. Ndiyo inokonzera hunhu hwemunhu.Mukaka weLactone.

· trans-δ-Decalactone: Isomer iyi ine hwema husina kusimba, husina hunhu, uye dzimwe nguva hunotoita hwema hwe "green" kana "fat". Haibatsiri zvakanyanya pachimiro che creamy chinodiwa uye inogona kuderedza kana kukanganisa kuchena kwekunhuhwirira.

4. Zvinoreva Kuravira Nekunhuhwirira Kwazvo

Chikamu che cis kune trans isomer chiratidzo chikuru chemhando uye mutengo:

1. Natural Lactones (kubva kuDairy): Nekuti i100% cis, ine hwema hwechokwadi, hune simba, uye hunodiwa. Ndiwo anodhura zvakanyanya nekuda kwenzira inodhura yekubvisa kubva kumukaka.

2. MaLactone Emhando Yepamusoro Akagadzirwa Nemhando Yepamusoro: Vagadziri vanoshandisa nzira dzepamusoro dzemakemikari kana enzyme kuti vawedzere goho re cis isomer (semuenzaniso, kusvika 95%+). COA ye lactone yakagadzirwa yepamusoro inowanzo ratidza huwandu hwakawanda hwe cis. Ichi chinhu chakakosha chinotariswa nevatengi.

3. MaLactone Akajairika Ekugadzirwa: Chiyero checis chakaderera (semuenzaniso, 70-85%) chinoratidza chigadzirwa chisina kunatswa zvakanyanya. Chinenge chisina kunhuhwirira kwakasimba uye chisina kunhuhwirira kwechokwadi uye chinoshandiswa mukushandiswa uko mutengo uri iwo mukuru uye kunhuhwirira kwemhando yepamusoro hakukoshi.

Mhedziso

Muchidimbu, chikamu hachisi nhamba yakatarwa asi chiratidzo chikuru chekwakabva uye mhando:

· Muzvisikwa, chiyero ichi chakakombama zvikuru kusvika ku >99.5% cis-isomer.

· Mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu, huwandu hwacho hunosiyana, asi huwandu hwakawanda hwe cis-isomer hunoenderana zvakananga nekunhuhwirira kwakanaka, kwechisikigo, uye kwakanyanya kunaka.

Saka, pakuongorora muenzaniso weMukaka weLaktoni, chiyero checis/trans ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuongorora paChitupa Chekuongorora (COA).